purpose : For the purpose of efficiently segmenting the network
I like to explain subnetting using a pizza analogy.
The entire pizza represents the whole IP network.
Cutting the pizza into slices is like creating subnets, where each slice has a defined size determined by the subnet mask.
This way, each department or function gets just the right portion they need, improving efficiency and security.
Three Things Needed for Subnetting
1. Original Network : 198.133.219.0/24 <- 2^8 -2 = 254
2. Need for subnet : 5
Because more than five are needed, we divide it this way.
3. Maximum number of required IP addresses : 29
Original : 198.133.219.1~25 = 2^8 -2 = 254
need for subnet : 5
maximum need for IP address : 29
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
---------------------------------------------
2^7 2^6 2^5 2^4 2^3 2^2 2^1 2^0
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
2^x -2 >= 29
2^5 -2 >= 29
30 >= 29
5 = mean hostid
-------------------------
198.133.219.000 00000
255.255.255.111 00000 <- 255.255.255.224/27
----------------------
198.133.219.000 11111 <- 198.133.219.0 ~ 198.133.219.31
198.133.219.001 11111 <- 198.133.219.32 ~ 198.133.219.63
198.133.219.010 11111 <- 198.133.219.64 ~ 198.133.219.95
198.133.219.011 11111 <- 198.133.219.96 ~ 198.133.219.127
198.133.219.100 11111 <- 198.133.219.128 ~ 198.133.219.159
198.133.219.101 11111 <- 198.133.219.160 ~ 198.133.219.191
198.133.219.110 11111 <- 198.133.219.192 ~ 198.133.219.223
198.133.219.111 11111 <- 198.133.219.224 ~ 198.133.219.255
Network Name Broadcast IP
198.133.219.1 ~ 198.133.219.30 <- 30 198.133.219.0/27
198.133.219.33 ~ 198.133.219.62 <- 30 198.133.219.32/27
198.133.219.65 ~ 198.133.219.94 <- 30 198.133.219.64/27
198.133.219.97 ~ 198.133.219.126 <- 30 198.133.219.96/27
198.133.219.129 ~ 198.133.219.158 <- 30 198.133.219.128/27
198.133.219.161 ~ 198.133.219.190 <- 30 198.133.219.160/27
198.133.219.193 ~ 198.133.219.222 <- 30 198.133.219.192/27
198.133.219.225 ~ 198.133.219.254 <- 30 198.133.219.224/27
==================================================================
Original network : 198.133.219.0/24 <- 2^8 -2 = 254
need subnet : 5
maximum need ip address : 12
2^7 2^6 2^5 2^4 2^3 2^2 2^1 2^0
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
2^x -2 >= 12
2^4 -2 >= 12
14>=12
=============================
198.133.219.0000 0000 198.133.219.0 ~ 198.133.219.15
198.133.219.0001 0000 198.133.219.16 ~ 198.133.219.31
198.133.219.0010 0000 198.133.219.32 ~ 198.133.219.47
198.133.219.0011 0000 198.133.219.48 ~ 198.133.219.63
198.133.219.0100 0000 198.133.219.64 ~ 198.133.219.79
198.133.219.0101 0000 198.133.219.80 ~ 198.133.219.95
198.133.219.0110 0000 198.133.219.96 ~ 198.133.219.111
198.133.219.0111 0000 198.133.219.112 ~ 198.133.219.127
198.133.219.1000 0000 198.133.219.128 ~ 198.133.219.143
198.133.219.1001 0000 198.133.219.144 ~ 198.133.219.159
198.133.219.1010 0000 198.133.219.160 ~ 198.133.219.175
198.133.219.1011 0000 198.133.219.176 ~ 198.133.219.191
198.133.219.1100 0000 198.133.219.192 ~ 198.133.219.207
198.133.219.1101 0000 198.133.219.208 ~ 198.133.219.223
198.133.219.1110 0000 198.133.219.224 ~ 198.133.219.239
198.133.219.1111 0000 198.133.219.240 ~ 198.133.219.255
network name broadcast ip address
198.133.219.1 ~ 198.133.219.14 = 14 198.133.219.0/28
198.133.219.17 ~ 198.133.219.30 = 14 198.133.219.16/28
198.133.219.33 ~ 198.133.219.46 = 14 198.133.219.32/28
198.133.219.49 ~ 198.133.219.62 = 14 198.133.219.48/28
198.133.219.65 ~ 198.133.219.78 = 14 198.133.219.64/28
198.133.219.81 ~ 198.133.219.94 = 14 198.133.219.80/28
198.133.219.97 ~ 198.133.219.110 = 14 198.133.219.96/28
198.133.219.113 ~ 198.133.219.126 = 14 198.133.219.112/28
198.133.219.129 ~ 198.133.219.142 = 14 198.133.219.128/28
198.133.219.145 ~ 198.133.219.158 = 14 198.133.219.144/28
198.133.219.161 ~ 198.133.219.174 = 14 198.133.219.160/28
198.133.219.177 ~ 198.133.219.190 = 14 198.133.219.176/28
198.133.219.193 ~ 198.133.219.206 = 14 198.133.219.192/28
198.133.219.209 ~ 198.133.219.222 = 14 198.133.219.208/28
198.133.219.225 ~ 198.133.219.238 = 14 198.133.219.224/28
198.133.219.241 ~ 198.133.219.254 = 14 198.133.219.240/28
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